Improvement in wrenches



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

J. J. RICHARDSON, OF WOODSTOOK, VERMONT.

IMPROVEMENT IN WRENCHES.

Tall whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J. J. RICHARDSON, of Woodstock, in the county ofWindsor'and State of Vermont, have invented a new and ImprovedRatchet-Wrench; and I do hereby 'declare that the following is a full,clear, and

exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is aside view of my invention with one of the side pieces ot' the shank ofthe wrench removed; Fig. 2, an edge view ot the principal part of thesame; Fig. 3, an end view of the removable socket pertaining to thesame; Fig. 4, a perspective view of Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a perspective viewof the ratchet pertaining to the same.

Similar letters otl reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral figures.

This invention consists in the employment or use of a ratchet two pawls,a spring, and a removable socket arranged and combined in such a mannerthat a nut may be turned by an oscillating movement without taking thewrench from it., and the same wrench ren dercd capable of being appliedto dit't'erentsized nuts.

The object of the invention is to obtain a wrench which may be used inthose cases where it would be inconvenient or impossible, on account ofa restricted space, to use an ordinary wrench, or one which requires tobe removed from the nut and applied at every turn of the same.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct myinvention, l will proceed to describe it.

A represents the handle ot" the wrench, which may be of wood; and B isthe metal shank, which is composed of two parts, a a', one part, a,being' iitted in the handle A, and the other part, a', screwed to a byscrews b. The outer ends of the two parts c a of the shank B terminatein eyes c, in which two cylindrical bosses, d d, are fitted and allowedto turn freely. These bosses d d are at the two sides of a ratchet, C,and concentric with it, formingwhatmay be termed a hub7 forthe same. Theratchet and bosses have a square openin g, e, passing entirely throughthem, and

in this opening a socket, D, is tted, which.

also has a square opening, f, made through it, and is provided at oneend with -a flange or shoulder, g.

E E represent two pawls, which are secured by a pin, h, between the tw-oparts a a of the shank B. One of these pawls, E, is a pulling one, andthe other, E', a pushing or shoving one. rlhey are both connected by thepin h, and between the inner parts of said pawls a spring, F, is placed,which spring has a tendency to keep the pawls engaged with the ratchetC, as will be fully understood by referring to Fig. 1. The implement isused by placingthe socket D on the nut to be turned and then fitting thebosses d on the socket; or the socket D may rst be litted in the bossesd and the socket then adjusted on the nut, whichever is most convenient.The wrench is then operated with an oscillating movemen t,.

and the nut will be turned without removing the wrench from it, as the.pawls catch or engage with the teeth of the ratchet in moving in onedirection, indicated by arrow 1, and slip over them in moving in theopposite direction indicated by arrow 2.

Several sockets, D, are used with the same wrench. These sockets are allot' the same size externally, but the square openingsfare of differentdimensions to suit different-sized nuts.

The whole arrangement is extremely simple and eflicient, may beconstructed at a moderate cost, and there are no parts liable to becomederanged by use or get out of repair.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

The ratchet C, provided with two bosses, d d, which are itted loosely ineyes at the ends of the parts a a of the shat't B, in .combination withthe pawls E E', spring F, and removable socket D, all arranged tooperate as and for the purpose set forth. v

J. J. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses:

TI-roMAs MIDDLETON, NATHAN T. CHURCHILL.

